Civil War Surgical and Medical Text Books
Page Eleven
Authors:
United States. Surgeon-General's Office: Barnes, Joseph K.; Woodward,
Joseph Janvier;
Smart, Charles;
Otis, George Alexander;
Huntington, David Lowe,
City of NY, Medical Department;
Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion (1861-1865)
Six volumes 1870 to 1888
The Medical and Surgical History of
the War of the Rebellion (American Civil War of 1861-1865) is a
multi-volume (6 hard bound volumes in green
cloth with gilt
lettering along spine.)
set originally published after the Civil War, detailing surgical cases
and diseases and most importantly, the surgeons and assistant surgeons
who performed the surgery. This work consists of numerous statistical summaries
relating to diseases, wounds, pathology, post-mortem reports, and deaths in both the Union and
Confederate armies, with the overwhelming bulk of material formed from
the reports of U.S. medical directors, surgeons, doctors, and hospital
staff during the War. The data collected during the War
helped propel medical and surgical knowledge the the United State to new
heights. The understanding of pathology gained through post-mortem
analysis was invaluable in expanding the future medical education of
surgeons and medical researchers.
In addition to the statistical summaries, excerpts
are presented from case studies of tens of thousands of victims of
disease and injury during the War. Not only is this account the basic
source for medical data, but it comprises one of the finest collections
of material relating to individual soldiers. Hundreds of engravings,
charts, and tables, as well as many color plates accompany the text. The
names of the surgeons who submitted these case studies are almost always
included, so this set can be helpful in tracking where an individual
surgeon was at various times.
______________________
"The Congressional Printer is hereby
authorized to print and bind five thousand additional copies of the
Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion; one thousand
of which shall be for the use of the Senate, three thousand for the use
of the House of Representatives, and one thousand for distribution by
the Surgeon General of the Army."
In accordance with the foregoing provision of the law, a second issue of
the First Part of the Medical and Surgical History has been prepared,
corresponding, as nearly as practicable, with the first issue. Obvious
typographical errors have been corrected; but a minute revision of the
text has not been attempted, as the time of the officers engaged on the
work is fully occupied with the preparation of the second and third
parts of this large statistical work.
JOSEPH K. BARNES, Surgeon General
United States Army.
WAR DEPARTMENT,Surgeon General's Office, April, 1875.
______________________
This set consists of three medical
volumes (Part 1 Vol. 1 - 365 pages long, Part 2 Vol. 1 - 869 pages long,
and Part 3 Vol. 1 - 989 pages long) AND three surgical volumes (Part 1
Vol. 2 - 650 pages long, Part 2 Vol. 2 - 1024 pages long, and Part 3
Vol. 2 - 986 pages long). These volumes were published between 1870 and
1888 from the information collected by the Surgeon-General's office
during the Civil War. There is also a searchable DVD for this
information, which this researcher uses rather than 'bending' these
invaluable original textbooks.
Click on images to enlarge
|
Stamp in one volume
Cincinnati physicians
established the Academy of Medicine in 1857. It served as
primarily a social and educational club for local
physicians. Members met together to share knowledge, to
establish standards for medical education, and to debate
medical treatments for various illnesses affecting the
community. The Academy of Medicine has continually operated
since the 1850s.
|
Stamp
of Academy of Medicine
Cincinnati, Ohio |
THE MEDICAL AND SURGICAL
HISTORY OF THE WAR OF THE REBELLION
Surgical Pathology in the Era of the Civil War:
The Remarkable Life and Accomplishments of
Joseph Janvier Woodward, MD
Amy V.
Rapkiewicz, MD; Alan Hawk, BA; Adrienne Noe, PhD; David M.
Berman, MD, PhD
More Americans (Confederate
and Union) died in the Civil War than any other conflict in
American history. Following the end of hostilities, Woodward was
commissioned to coauthor the medical section of the MSHWR.
This work is acknowledged to be the first major academic medical
accomplishment in the United States. In the medical section of
the MSHWR, Woodward's meticulous insight and attention to
detail are evident in the description, organization, and
tabulation of diseases found in soldiers of the Civil War. The
monthly records of sickness and mortality submitted by more than
200 hospitals and the medical directors of 8 armies were
painstakingly compiled, and the troops were stratified based on
active versus volunteer, “colored” versus white, officers versus
enlisted men, and American versus foreign born. The total number
of Union deaths from the commencement to the close of the Civil
War was tabulated at 304 369,
with 186216
deaths resulting from disease and the remainder from trauma and
other causes.
“Camp diarrhea,”
dysentery, and “camp fevers” are listed as the most frequent
causes of nontraumatic death; they resulted from overcrowding,
poor hygiene, and malnutrition. Woodward noted the severity in
the MSHWR, commenting: “These disorders occurred with
more frequency and produced more sickness and mortality than any
other form of disease. …Soon no army could move without leaving
behind it a host of victims.” In fact, the adage that a soldier
needed “guts” arose during this era.
For example, in 1862, the “monthly mortality from diarrhea and
dysentery among the white troops” reached its maximum of 128 per
1000 soldiers during July, which correlated with General George
McClellan's disastrous Peninsula Campaign. By the end of the
war, Woodward observed, 1 soldier died for every 30 cases of
acute diarrhea or dysentery. In unusually clear and explicit
writing for the era, Woodward details the effect of region and
season on the cases of dysentery, microscopic analysis of the
stools, postmortem gross and microscopic appearance of the
bowel, treatment of the condition, and known associated
complications. These gross and microscopic descriptions and
pictures were intended to remove independent-observer
variability and create images that could be reproduced and
studied for future reference comparison and diagnostic purposes.
It was hoped that the accurate descriptions would facilitate
etiologic subclassification of the various types of
gastrointestinal diseases and lead to a better understanding of
prevention and treatment.
____________________
Medical/Surgical
History--Part I, Volume II
Prepared, under the direction of JOSEPH K. BARNES, Surgeon
General United States Army,
By George A. Otis, Assistant Surgeon United States Army.
Among the American books and
papers on military surgery, that have been consulted in
preparing the Medical and Surgical History are the
following:
-
JONES, J., Plain, Concise,
Practical Remarks on the Treatment of Wounds and Fractures with
an Appendix on Camp and Military Hospitals, Principally designed
for the use of young Military and Naval Surgeons in North
America, Philadelphia, 1776;
-
RUSH, Medical Inquiries and
Observations, Philadelphia, 1793-94, Vol. I of his works;
-
BARTON, A Treatise on Marine,
Flying, and Military Hospitals, Philadelphia, 1817;
-
MANN, J., Medical Sketches of
Campaigns, 1812-1814, Dedham, 1816;
-
PARSONS, U.. Prize
Dissertations on Inflammation of the Periosteum, Eneuresis
Irritata, Cutaneous Diseases, Cancer of the Breast, Malaria, 2d
ed., Providence, 1849;
-
PORTER, J. B., Medical and
Surgical Notes of Campaigns in the War with Mexico, during the
years 1845, 1846, 1847, and 1848, Am. Jour. Med. Sci., Vols.
XXIII, XXIV, XXV, and XXVI, January, 1852, to January, 1853;
-
WRIGHT, J. J. B., On a
Gunshot Perforation of the Chest (in Dr. F. H. Hamilton's Pract.
Treat. on Mil. Surg., 1861, p. 157) JARVIS, N. S., N. Y. Jour.
of Med., 1847, Vol. VIII, p. 151;
-
HULSE, G. W.. Gunshot Wound
of the Head, New York Jour. of Med. and Surg., January, 1841;
-
HENDERSON, T., Topography of
Madison Barracks, Am. Jour. Med. Sci., April, 1841; Vol. I, N.
S., p. 337;
-
LAWSON, T., Meteorological
Register for the years 1826 to 1830, inclusive, From
observations made by the surgeons of the army and others at the
military post of the U. S. S Army, To which is appended the
Meteorological Register for the years 1822 to 1825, inclusive,
by Joseph Lovell, Philadelphia. 1840;
-
FORRY, S., Statistical
Researches on Pulmonary and Rheumatic Diseases, based on the
Records of the Medical Department, U. S. Army, Am. Jour. Med.
Sci., Vol. I, N. S., 1841, p. 13;
-
TRIPLER, C. S., Manual for
the Medical Officer of the Army of the United States, Part I,
Cincinnati, 1858;
-
TRIPLER, C. S., and
BLACK-MAN, G. C., Handbook for the Military Surgeon, Cincinnati,
1861;
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CHISOLM, J. J., A Manual of
Military Surgery, for the use of Surgeons in the Confederate
States Army, 3d ed., Columbia, 1864;
-
HAMILTON, F. H., A Practical
Treatise on Military Surgery, New York, 1864; and A Treatise on
Military Surgery and Hygiene, New York, 1865;
-
GROSS, S. D., A Manual of
Military Surgery, Philadelphia, 1861;
-
WARREN, E., An Epitome of
Practical Surgery for Field and Hospital, Richmond, 1863; Manual
of Military Surgery, Prepared for the use of the Confederate
States Army, by order of the Surgeon General, Richmond, 1863;
-
SMITH, S., Handbook of
Surgical Operations, 3d ed., New York, 1862;
-
SMITH. S., Statistics of the
Operation of Amputation at the Hip-Joint, in New York Journal of
Medicine, Sept., 1852, p. 93; COOLIDGE, R. H., Statistical
Report on the Sickness and Mortality in the Army of the United
States, Compiled from the Records of the Surgeon General's
Office, Embracing a period of sixteen years, from January,
1839-55, Washington, 1856; the same, Embracing a period of five
years, from January, 1855-60, Washington, 1860;
-
WARREN, J. M., Surgical
Observations, with Cases and Operations, Boston, 1867;
-
NOTT, J. C., Contributions to
Bone and Nerve Surgery, Philadelphia, 1866;
-
SCHUPPERT, M., A Treatise on
Gunshot Wounds, Written for and dedicated to the Surgeons of the
Confederate States Army, New Orleans, 1861;
-
ANDREWS, E., Complete Record
of the battles fought near Vicksburg, December, 1862, Chicago,
1863;
-
BARTHOLOW, R., A Manual of
Instruction or enlisting and discharging soldiers, Philadelphia,
1864;
-
BOWDITCH, H. I., A brief plea
for an Ambulance System for the Army of the United States,
Boston, 1863: and On Pleuritic Effusions, and the necessity of
Paracentesis for their removal, Am. Jour. Med. Sci., Vol. XXIII,
1852, p. 320;
-
BRINTON J. H., Consolidated
Statement of Gunshot Wounds, Washington, 1863;
-
BECKER, A. R., Gunshot
Wounds, Particularly those caused by newly invented missiles,
1865;
-
BUCK, G., History of a Case
of Partial Reconstruction of the Face, Albany, 1864; and, Case
of destruction of the body of the Lower Jaw and extensive
disfiguration of the Face from a Shell Wound, Albany, 1866; and,
Description of an Improved Extension Apparatus for the treatment
of Fracture of the Thigh, New York. 1867;
-
DERBY, G., The Lessons of the
War to the Medical Profession, Mass. Med. Soc. Pub. Vol. 2,
Boston, 1867;
-
ELLIS, T. T., Leaves from the
Diary of an Army Surgeon, New York, 1863;
-
GREEN, J., On Amputation of
the Thigh, Boston Med. and Surg. Jour., June, 1863;
-
EVE. P. F., A Contribution to
the History of the Hip-Joint Operations Performed during the
late Civil War, in Transactions Am. Med. Association, Vol.
XVIII, pp. 256, 263;
-
GAY, G. II., A few Remarks on
the Primary Treatment of Wounds received in battle, Boston,
1862;
-
GOLDSMITH, M., A Report on
Hospital Gangrene, Erysipelas, and Pyaemia, as observed in the,
Departments of the Ohio and Cumberland, Louisville, 1863;
-
HODGEN, J. T., Wound of
Brain, St. Louis Med. and Sur. Jour., Vol. V, 1868, p. 405;
Surgeons Reel and Artery Forceps, St. Louis Med. and Surg.
Jour., Vol. IV, 1867, p. 151; and On Fractures, St. Louis Med.
and Surg. Jour., Vol. VII, 1870; HUDSON, E. D., Save the Arm,
Remarks on Exsection, etc., New York, 1864; and Mechanical
Surgery, New York, 1871; HORWITZ, P. J., Report of Casualties
from Gunshot Wounds in the U. S. Navy, from April 2d, 1861, to
June 30th, 1863, Washington, 1866;
-
LETTERMAN, J., Medical
Recollections of the Army of the Potomac, New York, 1866;
-
LIDELL, J. A., A Memoir on
Osteomyelitis, New York, 1866; and, On the Wounds of
Blood-Vessels, etc.; On the Secondary Traumatic Lesions of Bone,
etc.; and, On Pyaemia, New York, 1870;
-
MOTT. V., Haemorrhage from
Wounds and the best means of Arresting it, New York, 1868;
-
MITCHELL, S. W., Injuries of
Nerves and Their Consequences, Philadelphia, 1872;
-
MOSES, I., Surgical Notes of
Gunshot Injuries occurring during the advance of the Army of the
Cumberland, 1863, Am. Jour., Med. Sci., Vol. XLVII, p. 324,
1864;
-
McGILL, G. M., Observation
Book, National and Hicks U. S. A. General Hospitals, Baltimore,
Maryland, Baltimore, 1865-66;
-
ORDRONAUX, J., Manual of
Instructions for Military Surgeons, on the Examination of
Recruits and Discharge of Soldiers, New York, 1863;
-
OTIS, G. A., Surgical Part of
the Reports on the Nature and Extent of the Materials available
for the Preparation of a Medical and Surgical History of the
Rebellion, being Part I, of Circular 6, S. G. O., 1865; and A
Report on Amputation at the Hip-Joint in Military Surgery,
Circular 7, S. G. O., 1867; and A Report on Excision of the Head
of the Femur for Gunshot Injury, Circular No. 2, S. G. O., 1869;
and A Report of Surgical Cases treated in the Army of the United
States from 1865 to 1871, Circular No. 3, S. G. O., 1871;
-
PACKARD, J. H., A Handbook of
Operative Surgery, Philadelphia, 1870;
-
SMITH, H. H., Principles and
Practice of Surgery, Philadelphia, 1863;
-
SMITH, N. R.; Treatment of
Fractures of the lower extremity by the use of the Anterior
Suspensory Apparatus, 8vo.. Baltimore, 1867;
-
SMITH, D., Experiences in the
Practice of Military Surgery. Am. Med. Times, 1862, Vol. IV, p.
331;
-
SMITH, G. K., The Insertion
of the Capsular Ligament of the Hip-Joint, and its Relation to
Intro-Capsular Fracture, New York, 1862;
-
THOMSON, W., Report of Cases
of Hospital Gangrene treated in Douglas Hospital, Washington, D.
C., Am. Jour. Med. Sci., Vol. XLVII, 1864, p. 378;
-
WAGNER, C., Report of
Interesting Surgical Operations, Performed at the U. S. Army
General Hospital, Beverly, New Jersey, 1864;
-
WOODWARD, Report on the
Causes and Pathology of Pyaemia. Trans. Am., Med. Assoc., Vol.,
p. 172, 1866;
-
READ, J. B., Report on Wounds
of the large Joints, Southern Med. and Surg. Journal, July and
October, 1866.
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See information on
Medical education and lecture cards
during and before the Civil War
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Wanted: Medical
textbooks marked for the U.S.A. Medical or Hospital Dept. |
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